Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness and wasting. These disorders are characterized by the loss of muscle tissue, which is replaced by fat and connective tissue over time. Although MD is most commonly associated with childhood onset, there are several types of adult-onset muscular dystrophies that can develop later in life.
The symptoms of adult-onset muscular dystrophy can vary depending on the specific type of MD and the muscles affected. Common symptoms include weakness in the hips, shoulders, and upper arms, difficulty standing up from a seated position, and muscle pain. In some cases, individuals with adult-onset MD may also experience difficulty breathing or swallowing.
Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Physical therapy and assistive devices such as braces or wheelchairs can help improve mobility and independence. Medications such as corticosteroids may also be prescribed to slow the progression of the disease. Research into potential gene therapies and other treatments is ongoing, and there is hope that these therapies may one day offer a cure or more effective treatments for muscular dystrophy.